The Romans didn’t have cybersecurity teams, but they’d already figured out that readable messages could be a problem.

Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

A letter can say one thing and mean something completely different.For centuries, that possibility mattered enormously. A messenger could be stopped. A ship car ...

One thing that is no surprise is that phishing continues to be an ongoing threat to consumers and organizations alike. No longer are these the simplistic “you’ve won the Canadian lottery” or “I’m a ...

In cryptology, the discipline concerned with the study of cryptographic algorithms, a cipher is an algorithm for encrypting and decrypting data. Transposition ciphers keep all the original bits of ...