Optical modulation in photonic communication systems underpins the conversion of electronic signals into optical carriers for high-speed data transmission. Techniques such as amplitude-shift keying, ...

Internet from space via satellite has become a topic of interest. Commercial satellite networks, such as SpaceX Starlink and Telesat LightspeedTM, aim to provide high-speed Internet to remote and ...

The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics. These include photonic and quantum systems that could advance imaging, ...

Optical phase modulators are key components in optical communication, sensing, and signal processing systems. All-optical modulators, which modulate the phase or intensity of a light signal by a ...