In this article, we continue our discussion on the importance of grounding when installing LED lighting equipment. Part 1 of this three-part series focuses on the ground plane of the printed circuit ...

The first case investigated had the following parameters: The parameters given above should correspond to a microstrip line with characteristic impedance, Z 0 of 50 Ω. Figure 2 shows the relationship ...

If you compare a modern PCB with a typical 1980s PCB, you might notice — like [lcamtuf] did — that newer boards tend to have large areas of copper known as pours instead of empty space between traces.

6. SOT-23 and SOIC packages are typically used in low-power motor drivers. Standard leaded packages, like SOIC and SOT-23 packages, are often used for low-power motor drivers (Fig. 6). To maximize the ...