When it comes to conducting a scientific experiment there are three components that are very important. They are variables, constants, and controls. Let’s take a look at each: Variables – These are the …

Continuous variable: A numerical variable that can take values on a continuous scale (e.g. age, weight). Discrete variable: A numerical variable that only takes on whole numbers (e.g. number of visits). For …

Random Variables A variable that associates a number with the outcome of a random experiment is called a random variable. Notation: random variable is denoted by an uppercase letter, such as X. …

a variable that makes sense for earthquakes, but not for sunsets. We will call the class of all those things for which a variable makes sense the reference class of the variable.

d passive drivers is a nominal scale variable. Note that the order has no meaning here, and the difference between identifiers is meaningless. In practice it is often useful to assign numbers instead …

A probability distribution of a discrete random variable is a list of its possible values and the probabilities that it takes on those values. Let X be the number of heads obtained in 2 tosses of a fair coin. What …

Application to Statistics and Statistical Interpretation: Many commonly used statistical procedures—and most of those discussed later in this book— will be framed around which variable is the independent …